A recent study from the University of Colorado found that women’s hands harbor about 40 percent more types of bacteria than men’s hands.

The reason is unclear. It could be hormonal differences between men and women, or possibly because perspiration on men’s hands creates a more acidic and hostile environment for bacteria.

Women tend to use more lotions more often than men. Most of this hand bacteria is harmless; yet washing your hands often and properly is one of the best ways to eliminate the spread of germs as much as possible.

Washing with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds is recommended for germ-proof protection. Cold and flu germs are spread through sneezing and coughing, which is why you should never cover your cough or sneeze with your hands. Bacteria can live for hours on surfaces like doorknobs, telephones and tables.

Alcohol-based hand sanitizing liquids or towelettes can be effective at killing germs when you’re in a place where you can’t wash your hands, but should not be considered a substitute for good hygiene.

And, of course, a strong immune system is a great defense against germs, so do your best to stay healthy through proper nutrition, exercise and adequate sleep.